英語(yǔ)最基本的語(yǔ)序是主語(yǔ)在前,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在后。但有時(shí)由于句子結(jié)構(gòu)的需要或表示強(qiáng)調(diào),就要采用倒裝形式。將謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞完全移到主語(yǔ)之前稱(chēng)為完全倒裝,只將助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞放到主語(yǔ)之前稱(chēng)為部分倒裝。強(qiáng)調(diào)性倒裝和以so, neither, nor開(kāi)頭的句子是高考例題的熱點(diǎn)。
。ㄒ唬┑寡b句的意義
1、適應(yīng)一定的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)的需要,主要是指疑問(wèn)句句型結(jié)構(gòu)的需要。
e.g. May I come in?
Was the People's Liberation Army founded in 1927?
2、為了強(qiáng)調(diào)某一部分,而把這部分放到句首,構(gòu)成倒裝。
e.g. Never have I been late for school this term.
So early did he come to school that no other students came.
。ǘ┑寡b的使用情況
1、在 "there be" 結(jié)構(gòu)里,there是引導(dǎo)詞,主語(yǔ)在be后。
e.g. There is a box on the table.
2、在疑問(wèn)句中。
e.g. Is she singing in the classroom?
What does your mother do?
3、在here, there等副詞開(kāi)頭的某些句子里(要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài))。如果主語(yǔ)是人稱(chēng)代詞,主語(yǔ)和主要?jiǎng)釉~的詞序不變。(完全倒裝)
e.g. There goes the bell.
Here is an apple for you.
There she comes.
4、重復(fù)倒裝句型,用在以so, nor, neither開(kāi)頭,表示謂語(yǔ)所述的情況也適用于另一個(gè)人或一事物的肯定或否定句中。so用于肯定句,表示"也一樣"、"也這樣";nor, neither用于否定句,表示"同樣也不,也不這樣"。
e.g. I am watching TV. So is she.
My parents didn't watch TV last night. Neither (Nor) did I.
5、直接引語(yǔ)的全部或一部分放在句首時(shí),主句中的主謂也常直接倒裝。(完全倒裝)
e.g. "Very well," said the French student.
"Bring me two eggs and a cup of tea, please." said he.
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